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Arabic 2: Intermediate Course

Build your vocabulary and learn to form complete sentences

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Step 1: The Ultimate Greetings

Every language journey starts with hello. These are the most common ways to greet someone in the Arabic world. In Arab culture, greeting with "As-salamu alaykum" is a prayer for peace.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
Peace be upon youAs-salamu alaykumاَلسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ
And upon you be peaceWa alaykumu s-salamوَعَلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامُ
Hello / WelcomeMarhabanمَرْحَبًا
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Step 2: Basic Politeness & Manners

Showing respect and gratitude is a massive part of Arabic culture. "Shukran" can be made stronger by saying "Shukran jazeelan".
EnglishTransliterationArabic
Please (to male)Min fadlikمِنْ فَضْلِكَ
Please (to female)Min fadlikiمِنْ فَضْلِكِ
Thank youShukranشُكْرًا
You're welcome'Afwanعَفْوًا

Step 3: Crucial Conversational Connectors

To keep a basic conversation going, a beginner needs to know how to say yes, no, and how to check in on someone.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
YesNa'amنَعَمْ
NoLaaلَا
How are you? (male)Kayfa haluk?كَيْفَ حَالُكَ؟
How are you? (female)Kayfa haluki?كَيْفَ حَالُكِ؟
Praise be to GodAlhamdulillahاَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ
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Step 4: Introducing Yourself

This gives beginners the confidence to actually speak to a native speaker and say their own name.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
My name is...Ismee...اِسْمِي...
I am from...Ana min...أَنَا مِنْ...
Honored to meet you!Tasharrafna!تَشَرَّفْنَا!
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Step 5: Essential Survival Phrases

Just in case they get stuck, beginners need a way to politely navigate the language barrier.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
I don't understandLaa afhamلَا أَفْهَمْ
Do you speak English?Hal tatakallamu al-ingleeziah?هَلْ تَتَكَلَّمُ الْإِنْجِلِيزِيَّةَ؟
GoodbyeMa'a salamaمَعَ السَّلَامَةِ
GoodbyeMa'a salamaمَعَ السَّلَامَةِ
Please help meMin faḍlik, sāʿidnīمن فضلك ساعدني
No problemLā mushkilahلا مشكلة
I want to buyUrīdu an ashtarīأريد أن أشتري
I want to sellUrīdu an abīʿaأريد أن أبيع
How much is this?Kam thamanu hādhā?كم ثمن هذا؟

Step 6: Numbers 1 to 100

Whether ordering food, asking for a price, or counting items, beginners need numbers right away.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
OneWahidوَاحِد
TwoIthnanاِثْنَان
ThreeThalathaثَلَاثَة
FourArba'aأَرْبَعَة
SixSittahستة
SevenSabʿahسبعة
EightThamāniyahثمانية
NineTisʿahتسعة
TenʿAsharahعشرة
ElevenAḥada ʿAsharأحد عشر
TwelveIthnā ʿAsharاثنا عشر
ThirteenThalāthata ʿAsharثلاثة عشر
FourteenArbaʿata ʿAsharأربعة عشر
FifteenKhamsata ʿAsharخمسة عشر
SixteenSittata ʿAsharستة عشر
SeventeenSabʿata ʿAsharسبعة عشر
EighteenThamāniyata ʿAsharثمانية عشر
NineteenTisʿata ʿAsharتسعة عشر
TwentyʿIshrūnعشرون
ThirtyThalāthūnثلاثون
FortyArbaʿūnأربعون
FiftyKhamsūnخمسون
SixtySittūnستون
SeventySabʿūnسبعون
EightyThamānūnثمانون
NinetyTisʿūnتسعون
One hundredMi'ahمائة
One thousandAlfألف

Step 7: Asking Key Questions

To navigate around, beginners need the "W" questions (Who, What, Where).
EnglishTransliterationArabic
Where is...?Ayna...?أَيْنَ...؟
What is this?Ma hadha?مَا هَٰذَا؟
Who is this?Man hadha?مَنْ هَٰذَا؟
How much is this?Kam thamanu hadha?كَمْ ثَمَنُ هَٰذَا؟
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Step 8: Eating and Drinking

Food is the heart of Arabic hospitality. These phrases help at a cafe or restaurant.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
WaterMaa'مَاء
CoffeeQahwaقَهْوَة
I want...Ana ureed...أَنَا أُرِيد...
Delicious!Ladheedh!لَذِيذ!

Step 9: Common Expressive Phrases

Arabic is deeply expressive. Native speakers use these phrases constantly.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
God willingInsha'Allahإِنْ شَاءَ اللَّه
Wow! / Marvelous!Masha'Allahمَا شَاءَ اللَّه
Let's go!Yallah!يَالَّا!

Step 10: Asking for Help

Safety phrases for beginners in case they get lost.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
Help!Al-najdah!النَّجْدَة!
I am lostAna ta'ihأَنَا تَائِه
Where is the bathroom?Ayna al-hammam?أَيْنَ الْحَمَّام؟

Step 11: Time and Days

Basic time frames for planning and scheduling.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
TodayAl-yawmالْيَوْم
TomorrowGhadanغَدًا
YesterdayAmsأَمْس
NowAl-aanالْآن
Last weekAl-usbūʿ al-māḍīالأسبوع الماضي
Next weekAl-usbūʿ al-muqbilالأسبوع المقبل
Last yearAl-ʿām al-māḍīالعام الماضي
Next yearAl-ʿām al-muqbilالعام المقبل

Step 12: Expressing Emotions

Being able to say how you feel makes a beginner sound natural.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
I am happy (m/f)Ana sa'eed / sa'eedahأَنَا سَعِيد / سَعِيدَة
I am tired (m/f)Ana ta'ban / ta'banahأَنَا تَعْبَان / تَعْبَانَة
I am hungry (m/f)Ana jaw'an / jaw'anahأَنَا جَوْعَان / جَوْعَانَة
I am fineAna bi-khayrأَنَا بِخَيْر

Step 13: Directions

Essential vocabulary for navigating a city or following a map.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
RightYameenيَمِين
LeftYasar / Shimalيَسَار / شِمَال
Straight aheadAla ttoolعَلَى طُول

Step 14: Useful Places in the City

Common landmarks for asking "Where is...?"
EnglishTransliterationArabic
HotelFunduqفُنْدُق
RestaurantMat'amمَطْعَم
AirportMatarمَطَار
MarketSooqسُوق
HospitalMustashfaمُسْتَشْفَى

Step 15: Shopping & Bargaining

Bargaining is common in traditional Arabic markets (souqs).
EnglishTransliterationArabic
It is expensiveHadha ghaaliهَٰذَا غَالِي
It is cheapHadha rakheesهَٰذَا رَخِيص
I don't want thisLaa ureed hadhaلَا أُرِيد هَٰذَا
Okay / FineHasanan / Tayyibحَسَنًا / طَيِّب

Step 16: Family & Relationships

Family is central to Arab culture.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
FatherAbbأَب
MotherUmmأُمّ
BrotherAkhأَخ
SisterUkhtأُخْت
GrandfatherJaddجد
GrandmotherJaddahجدة
Paternal uncleʿAmmuعم
Maternal uncleKhālخال
Male servant/slave; worshipperʿAbduعبد
Female servant/slaveAmahأمة

Step 17: Talking About the Weather

A universal conversation starter!
EnglishTransliterationArabic
HotHaarrحَارّ
ColdBaaridبَارِد
Beautiful weatherAl-jaww jameelالْجَوّ جَمِيل
RainMatarمَطَر
Beautiful weatherAl-jaww jameelالْجَوّ جَمِيل
WinterAsh-shitāʾالشتاء
SummerAṣ-ṣayfالصيف

Step 18: Basic Colors

Perfect for descriptive sentences and shopping.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
RedAhmarأَحْمَر
BlueAzraqأَزْرَق
GreenAkhdarأَخْضَر
WhiteAbyadأَبْيَض
BlackAswadأَسْوَد

Step 19: Descriptive Words (Opposites)

Adjectives help describe the world around them.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
Big / LargeKabeerكَبِير
Small / LittleSagheerصَغِير
BeautifulJameelجَمِيل
Quick / FastSaree'سَرِيع
SlowBatee'بَطِيء

Step 20: Saying Goodbye

Beautiful parting phrases used by native speakers.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
Good nightTusbih 'ala khayrتُصْبِحْ عَلَى خَيْر
See you laterAraka lahiqanأَرَاكَ لَاحِقًا
May peace protect youFee amanillahفِي أَمَانِ اللَّهِ

Step 21: Transport & Getting Around

Navigate transit systems seamlessly.
EnglishTransliterationArabic
CarSayyaraسَيَّارَة
TaxiSayyarat ujrah / Taxiسَيَّارَةُ أُجْرَة
BusHafilahحَافِلَة
TrainQitarقِطَار
TicketTadhkirahتَذْكِرَة
Ticket Tadhkirah تَذْكِرَة

Step 22: Common Verbs (Action Words)

Essential basic verbs to start forming full sentences.
English Transliteration Arabic
I drink Ana ashrab أَنَا أَشْرَب
I eat Ana a'kul أَنَا آكُل
I go Ana adh-hab أَنَا أَذْهَب
Come here (to male) Ta'aal تَعَال
Come here (to female) Ta'aalay تَعَالَيْ
Take this Khudh hadha خُذْ هَٰذَا

Step 23: Emergency & Health Phrases

Medical safety phrases for travelers.
English Transliteration Arabic
I am sick (male) Ana mareed أَنَا مَرِيض
I am sick (female) Ana mareedah أَنَا مَرِيضَة
My head hurts Ra'see yu'limunee رَأْسِي يُؤْلِمُنِي
Pharmacy Saydaliyyah صَيْدَلِيَّة
Doctor Tabeeb طَبِيب
I need medicine Ureedu dawaa' أُرِيدُ دَوَاء

Step 24: Days of the Week

Perfect for scheduling appointments and understanding opening times.
English Transliteration Arabic
Sunday Yawm al-ahad يَوْمُ الْأَحَد
Monday Yawm al-ithnayn يَوْمُ الْإِثْنَيْن
Tuesday Yawm al-thulatha يَوْمُ الثُّلَاثَاء
Wednesday Yawm al-arbi'a يَوْمُ الْأَرْبِعَاء
Thursday Yawm al-khamees يَوْمُ الْخَمِيس
Friday (Holy day) Yawm al-jumu'ah يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَة
Saturday Yawm al-sabt يَوْمُ السَّبْت

Step 25: Work, School & Hobbies

Great for making small talk about daily life.
English Transliteration Arabic
Work / Job 'Amal / Wazeefah عَمَل / وَظِيفَة
School Madrasah مَدْرَسَة
University Jami'ah جَامِعَة
Book Kitab كِتَاب
I study... Ana adrus... أَنَا أَدْرُس...

Step 26: Around the House

Vocabulary for describing your living situation.
English Transliteration Arabic
House / Home Bayt بَيْت
Room Ghurfah غُرْفَة
Kitchen Matbakh مَطْبَخ
Door Bab بَاب
Window Naafidhah نَافِذَة
Key Miftaah مِفْتَاح
Garden / Park Ḥadīqah حديقة

Step 27: Clothing & Dressing Up

Useful vocabulary for shopping and describing what you're wearing.
English Transliteration Arabic
Clothes Thiyab / Malabis ثِيَاب / مَلَابِس
Shirt Qamees قَمِيص
Pants / Trousers Sirwal سِرْوَال
Shoes Hidhaa' حِذَاء
Bag / Purse Haqeedah حَقِيبَة

Step 28: Checking into a Hotel

Crucial travel phrases for a smooth hotel stay.
English Transliteration Arabic
Reservation Hajz حَجْز
I have a reservation Ladayya hajz لَدَيَّ حَجْز
Room key Miftaah al-ghurfah مِفْتَاح الْغُرْفَة
Air conditioner Mukayyif مُكَيِّف
Is breakfast included? Hal al-futoor mashmool? هَلِ الْفُطُور مَشْمُول؟

Step 29: Expressing More Feelings

Expanded emotions for daily conversations.
English Transliteration Arabic
I am busy (m/f) Ana mashghool / mashghoolah أَنَا مَشْغُول / مَشْغُولَة
I am sure (m/f) Ana muta'akkid / muta'akkidah أَنَا مُتَأَكِّد / مُتَأَكِّدَة
I am confused (m/f) Ana Ha'ir / Ha'irah أَنَا حَائِر / حَائِرَة
No problem La mushkilah لَا مُشْكِلَة

Step 30: Technology & Staying Connected

Essential tech phrases for modern life.
English Transliteration Arabic
Phone Hatif / Jawwal هَاتِف / جَوَّال
Internet / Wi-Fi Internet إِنْتَرْنِت
What is the Wi-Fi password? Ma hiya kalimat sirr al-wi-fi? مَا هِيَ كَلِمَةُ سِرِّ الْوَايْ فَاي؟
Charger Shaahin شَاحِن
Computer Hasoob حَاسُوب

Formula 1: Asking "Where is...?"

Rule: Ayna + [Place]
To ask for any location, simply take the word for "Where is" (Ayna) and add the place name.
English Transliteration Arabic
Where is the bathroom? Ayna al-hammam? أَيْنَ الْحَمَّام؟
Where is the hotel? Ayna al-funduq? أَيْنَ الْفُنْدُق؟
Where is the market? Ayna al-sooq? أَيْنَ السُّوق؟
Where is the restaurant? Ayna al-mat'am? أَيْنَ الْمَطْعَم؟

Formula 2: Expressing Desires ("I want...")

Rule: Ana ureed + [Item] + Min fadlik
English Transliteration Arabic
I want water, please. Ana ureed maa', min fadlik. أَنَا أُرِيد مَاء، مِنْ فَضْلِك.
I want coffee, please. Ana ureed qahwa, min fadlik. أَنَا أُرِيد قَهْوَة، مِنْ فَضْلِك.
I want a key, please. Ana ureed miftaah, min fadlik. أَنَا أُرِيد مِفْتَاح، مِنْ فَضْلِك.

Formula 3: Describing Things (Noun + Adjective)

Rule: [Object] + [Description] (Adjective comes AFTER noun in Arabic)
English Transliteration Arabic
A big house Bayt kabeer بَيْت كَبِير
A small room Ghurfah sagheerbah غُرْفَة صَغِيرَة
Delicious food Ta'am ladheedh طَعَام لَذِيذ

Formula 4: Pointing Things Out ("This is...")

Rule: Hadha + [Object]
English Transliteration Arabic
What is this? Ma hadha? مَا هَٰذَا؟
This is a book. Hadha kitab. هَٰذَا كِتَاب.
This is beautiful. Hadha jameel. هَٰذَا جَمِيل.

Formula 5: Asking for Prices

Rule: Kam thamanu + [Object]
English Transliteration Arabic
How much is this? Kam thamanu hadha? كَمْ ثَمَنُ هَٰذَا؟
How much is the ticket? Kam thamanu al-tadhkirah? كَمْ ثَمَنُ التَّذْكِرَة؟
How much is the shirt? Kam thamanu al-qamees? كَمْ ثَمَنُ الْقَمِيص؟

Formula 6: Asking for Permission

Rule: Hal yumkinu an + [Action Verb]
English Transliteration Arabic
May I go? Hal yumkinu an adh-hab? هَلْ يُمْكِنُ أَنْ أَذْهَب؟
May I eat? Hal yumkinu an a'kul? هَلْ يُمْكِنُ أَنْ آكُل؟
May I drink? Hal yumkinu an ashrab? هَلْ يُمْكِنُ أَنْ أَشْرَب؟

Formula 7: Expressing Possession ("I have...")

Rule: Ladayya + [Item]
English Transliteration Arabic
I have a reservation. Ladayya hajz. لَدَيَّ حَجْز.
I have a key. Ladayya miftaah. لَدَيَّ مِفْتَاح.
I have a ticket. Ladayya tadhkirah. لَدَيَّ تَذْكِرَة.

Formula 8: Speaking About the Future

Rule: Sa + [Present Verb] (Add "Sa" to the front of any verb)
English Transliteration Arabic
I go → I will go Ana adh-hab → Sa-adh-hab أَنَا أَذْهَب → سَأَذْهَب
I drink → I will drink Ana ashrab → Sa-ashrab أَنَا أَشْرَب → سَأَشْرَب
I eat → I will eat Ana a'kul → Sa-a'kul أَنَا آكُل → سَآكُل

Formula 9: Expressing Capability ("I can...")

Rule: Astatee' an + [Action Verb]
English Transliteration Arabic
I can speak Arabic. Astatee' an atakatallama al-arabiyyah. أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ الْعَرَبِيَّةَ.
I can go now. Astatee' an adh-haba al-aan. أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَذْهَبَ الْآن.
I can understand. Astatee' an afham. أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَفْهَم.

Formula 10: Expressing Preferences

Rule: Ana uhibb + [Noun/Item]
English Transliteration Arabic
I like coffee. Ana uhibb al-qahwa. أَنَا أُحِبُّ الْقَهْوَة.
I love my friend. Ana uhibb sadeeqee. أَنَا أُحِبُّ صَدِيقِي.
I like this book. Ana uhibb hadha al-kitab. أَنَا أُحِبُّ هَٰذَا الْكِتَاب.

Formula 11: Explaining Reasons ("Because...")

Rule: [Action] + Li-annannee + [Reason/Feeling]
English Transliteration Arabic
I eat because I am hungry. A'kul li-annannee jaw'an. آكُلُ لِأَنَّنِي جَوْعَان.
I drink because I am tired. Ashrab li-annannee ta'ban. أَشْرَبُ لِأَنَّنِي تَعْبَان.
I study because I love Arabic. Adrus li-annannee uhibb al-arabiyyah. أَدْرُسُ لِأَنَّنِي أُحِبُّ الْعَرَبِيَّةَ.

Formula 12: Expressing Necessity ("I must...")

Rule: Yajib 'alayya an + [Action Verb]
English Transliteration Arabic
I must go now. Yajib 'alayya an adh-haba al-aan. يَجِبُ عَلَيَّ أَنْ أَذْهَبَ الْآن.
I have to eat. Yajib 'alayya an a'kul. يَجِبُ عَلَيَّ أَنْ آكُل.
I must buy medicine. Yajib 'alayya an ashtariya dawaa'. يَجِبُ عَلَيَّ أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ دَوَاء.

Formula 13: Speaking About the Past ("I was...")

Rule: Kuntu + [Location or Feeling]
English Transliteration Arabic
I was sick yesterday. Kuntu mareedan ams. كُنْتُ مَرِيضًا أَمْس.
I was at the hotel. Kuntu fee al-funduq. كُنْتُ فِي الْفُنْدُق.
I was busy. Kuntu mashghoolan. كُنْتُ مَشْغُولًا.

Formula 14: Describing Proximity ("Near / Far")

Rule: [Place 1] + Qareeb min (near) / Ba'eed 'an (far) + [Place 2]
English Transliteration Arabic
The hotel is near the market. Al-funduq qareeb min al-sooq. الْفُنْدُق قَرِيب مِن السُّوق.
The restaurant is far from here. Al-mat'am ba'eed 'an huna. الْمَطْعَم بَعِيد عَن هُنَا.

Formula 15: Negative Commands ("Don't...")

Rule: Laa + [Action Verb]
English Transliteration Arabic
Don't go! Laa tadh-hab! لَا تَذْهَبْ!
Don't worry! Laa taqlaq! لَا تَقْلَقْ!
Don't forget! Laa tansa! لَا تَنْسَ!